Fix dask progress logging

[bouweandela]

Description

Update the way the Dask progress loggers work:

• configure logging in the process from which the progress loggers are run. This fixes the issue of the progress loggers not showing.
• pass in an esmvalcore.config.Session instead of relying on the global esmvalcore.config.CFG variable, which will revert to the default in a different process, when setting up the progress bars. This fixes the issue that when max_parallel_tasks is set to a different value from the command line, the right kind of progress bar (Rich based if max parallel tasks = 1 and logger style if larger than 1) is not selected.
• Add a bunch of type hints

I had to make quite a few changes in order to pass the session down to where logging progress is set up.

Closes #3121
Helps with #2954

---

Before you get started

• ☝ Create an issue to discuss what you are going to do

Checklist

It is the responsibility of the author to make sure the pull request is ready to review. The icons indicate whether the item will be subject to the 🛠 Technical or 🧪 Scientific review.

• 🧪 The new functionality is relevant and scientifically sound
• 🛠 This pull request has a descriptive title and labels
• 🛠 Code is written according to the code quality guidelines
• 🛠 Unit tests have been added
• 🛠 Changes are backward compatible
• 🛠 The list of authors is up to date
• 🛠 All checks below this pull request were successful

---

To help with the number pull requests:

• 🙏 We kindly ask you to review two other open pull requests in this repository

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 96.25%. Comparing base (0bb7e86) to head (9c3038f).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #3154   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   96.25%   96.25%           
=======================================
  Files         273      273           
  Lines       16188    16194    +6     
=======================================
+ Hits        15581    15587    +6     
  Misses        607      607           

☔ View full report in Codecov by Harness.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.