-
-## Indicators
-
-Every indicator follows the same interface: pass an OHLCV `data.frame`
-or `matrix` and get the same type back. The return type always matches
-the input.
+**Techincal Indicator—** below is an example on calculating acceleration
+bands:
``` r
-## compute Bollinger Bands
-## on BTC OHLCV data
+## caclulate
tail(
- talib::bollinger_bands(BTC)
+ talib::acceleration_bands(BTC)
)
#> UpperBand MiddleBand LowerBand
-#> 2024-12-26 01:00:00 100487.38 96698.61 92909.83
-#> 2024-12-27 01:00:00 100670.65 96512.96 92355.27
-#> 2024-12-28 01:00:00 100632.13 96581.91 92531.69
-#> 2024-12-29 01:00:00 99628.77 95576.60 91524.43
-#> 2024-12-30 01:00:00 96403.53 94231.31 92059.09
-#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 95441.13 93774.23 92107.34
+#> 2024-12-26 01:00:00 110251.9 99594.80 89133.37
+#> 2024-12-27 01:00:00 110349.3 99305.68 88606.88
+#> 2024-12-28 01:00:00 109939.0 99002.74 88482.97
+#> 2024-12-29 01:00:00 109124.6 98814.94 88880.91
+#> 2024-12-30 01:00:00 108903.3 98613.30 88778.70
+#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 108400.6 98223.05 88776.65
```
-## Candlestick Patterns
-
-{talib} recognizes 61 candlestick patterns—from single-candle formations
-like Doji and Hammer to multi-candle patterns like Morning Star and
-Three White Soldiers. Each pattern returns a normalized score: `1`
-(bullish), `-1` (bearish), or `0` (no pattern).
+**Candlestick Pattern—** below is an example on identifying engulfing
+patterns:
``` r
## detect Engulfing patterns:
@@ -95,51 +87,11 @@ tail(
#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 0
```
-## Charts
+Internally the when passing `BTC` the function(s) looks for the default
+input columns via the `cols`-argument which can be empty. This is true
+for all functions in {talib}.
-Charts are built in two steps: `chart()` creates the price chart, then
-`indicator()` layers on technical indicators. Overlap indicators (moving
-averages, Bollinger Bands) draw on the price panel; oscillators (RSI,
-MACD) get their own sub-panels.
-
-``` r
-{
- ## price chart with two moving
- ## averages and MACD below
- talib::chart(BTC)
- talib::indicator(talib::SMA, n = 7)
- talib::indicator(talib::SMA, n = 14)
- talib::indicator(talib::MACD)
-}
-```
-
-
-
-Multiple indicators can share a sub-panel by passing them as calls:
-
-``` r
-{
- talib::chart(BTC)
- talib::indicator(talib::BBANDS)
-
- ## pass multiple calls to combine
- ## them on a single sub-panel
- talib::indicator(
- talib::RSI(n = 10),
- talib::RSI(n = 14),
- talib::RSI(n = 21)
- )
-}
-```
-
-
-
-The charting system ships with 5 built-in themes: `default`,
-`hawks_and_doves`, `payout`, `tp_slapped`, and `trust_the_process`.
-Switch themes with `set_theme()`. Both
-[{plotly}](https://github.com/plotly/plotly.R) (interactive, default)
-and [{ggplot2}](https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/) (static) backends are
-supported:
+**Charting—**
``` r
{
@@ -155,50 +107,57 @@ supported:
-## Column selection
-
-Indicators use the columns they need automatically. When your data has
-non-standard column names, remap them with formula syntax:
+## Benchmarks: {TTR} vs {talib}
``` r
-## remap 'price' to the close column
-talib::RSI(x, cols = ~price)
-
-## remap hi, lo, last to high, low, close
-talib::stochastic(x, cols = ~ hi + lo + last)
+## set seed for
+## reproducibility
+set.seed(1903)
+
+## construct a large
+## vector of numbers
+x <- runif(
+ n = 1e7,
+ min = 1000,
+ max = 2000
+)
```
-## Naming
-
-Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is
-aliased to its TA-Lib shorthand for compatibility with the broader
-ecosystem:
-
-
+**Exponential Moving Average (EMA)—**\*
-| Category | TA-Lib (C) | {talib} | {talib} alias |
-|:----------------------|:---------------------|:----------------------------|:------------------|
-| Overlap Studies | `TA_BBANDS()` | `bollinger_bands()` | `BBANDS()` |
-| Momentum Indicators | `TA_CCI()` | `commodity_channel_index()` | `CCI()` |
-| Volume Indicators | `TA_OBV()` | `on_balance_volume()` | `OBV()` |
-| Volatility Indicators | `TA_ATR()` | `average_true_range()` | `ATR()` |
-| Price Transform | `TA_AVGPRICE()` | `average_price()` | `AVGPRICE()` |
-| Cycle Indicators | `TA_HT_SINE()` | `sine_wave()` | `HT_SINE()` |
-| Pattern Recognition | `TA_CDLHANGINGMAN()` | `hanging_man()` | `CDLHANGINGMAN()` |
+``` r
+bench::mark(
+ `{talib}`= talib::EMA(x, n = 10),
+ `{TTR}` = TTR::EMA(x, n = 10),
+ check = FALSE,
+ relative = TRUE,
+ iterations = 1e2
+)
+#> # A tibble: 2 × 6
+#> expression min median `itr/sec` mem_alloc `gc/sec`
+#>
+#> 1 {talib} 1 1 1.63 1 1
+#> 2 {TTR} 1.77 1.69 1 2.02 2.78
+```
-
+**Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)—**\*
``` r
-## snake_case and TA-Lib aliases
-## are identical
-all.equal(
- target = talib::bollinger_bands(BTC),
- current = talib::BBANDS(BTC)
+bench::mark(
+ `{talib}`= talib::MACD(x),
+ `{TTR}` = TTR::MACD(x),
+ check = FALSE,
+ relative = TRUE,
+ iterations = 1e2
)
-#> [1] TRUE
+#> # A tibble: 2 × 6
+#> expression min median `itr/sec` mem_alloc `gc/sec`
+#>
+
+| Category | TA-Lib (C) | {talib} | {talib} alias |
+|:----------------------|:---------------------|:----------------------------|:------------------|
+| Overlap Studies | `TA_BBANDS()` | `bollinger_bands()` | `BBANDS()` |
+| Momentum Indicators | `TA_CCI()` | `commodity_channel_index()` | `CCI()` |
+| Volume Indicators | `TA_OBV()` | `on_balance_volume()` | `OBV()` |
+| Volatility Indicators | `TA_ATR()` | `average_true_range()` | `ATR()` |
+| Price Transform | `TA_AVGPRICE()` | `average_price()` | `AVGPRICE()` |
+| Cycle Indicators | `TA_HT_SINE()` | `sine_wave()` | `HT_SINE()` |
+| Pattern Recognition | `TA_CDLHANGINGMAN()` | `hanging_man()` | `CDLHANGINGMAN()` |
+
+
+
+``` r
+## snake_case and TA-Lib aliases
+## are identical
+all.equal(
+ target = talib::bollinger_bands(BTC),
+ current = talib::BBANDS(BTC)
+)
+#> [1] TRUE
+```
+
+## Contributing and cloning
+
+[TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) is vendored via
+`.gitsubmodule` and all clones should be done with `--recursive` as
+follows:
+
``` shell
git clone --recursive https://github.com/serkor1/ta-lib-R.git
cd ta-lib-R
R CMD INSTALL . --configure-args="-O3 -march=native"
```
+All indicators, functions and (most) unit-tests are generated
+automatically via BASH in the `codegen`-folder—except for the charting
+interface. The documentation is autogenerated via `man-roxygen`
+similarily. All relevant folders include a GPT-generated `README` which
+should give a proper description on how to use the tools.
+
+> Suggestions, objections and complaints are more than welcome. Feel
+> free to open an issue or a PR—but it is recommended to open an issue
+> before commencing any significant work.
+
## Code of Conduct
Please note that [{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is
released with a [Contributor Code of
Conduct](https://contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html).
By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
-
-[^1]: [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) is vendored via
- `CMake`, so a pre-installed TA-Lib is not required. Some systems
- (Windows in particular) may require `CMake` to be explicitly
- installed.
diff --git a/dev/README.Rmd b/dev/README.Rmd
index 3012f949..2f789688 100644
--- a/dev/README.Rmd
+++ b/dev/README.Rmd
@@ -23,17 +23,11 @@ knitr::opts_chunk$set(
echo = FALSE
)
-# indicator counts from codegen metadata
-source(file.path(knitr::opts_knit$get("base.dir"), "codegen", "gen_code", "indicators.R"))
-families <- vapply(indicators, function(x) x$family, character(1))
-n_patterns <- sum(families == "Pattern Recognition")
-n_indicators <- sum(families != "Pattern Recognition")
-
# subset BTC to last 150 rows for cleaner charts
BTC <- tail(talib::BTC, 150)
```
-# {talib}: A Technical Analysis and Candlestick Pattern Library in R 
+# {talib}: Candlestick Pattern Recognition and Technical Analysis in R
[](https://github.com/serkor1/ta-lib-R/actions/workflows/R-CMD-check.yaml)
@@ -43,47 +37,33 @@ BTC <- tail(talib::BTC, 150)
[](https://r-pkg.org/pkg/talib)
-[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is an R package for technical analysis, candlestick pattern recognition, and interactive financial charting---built on the [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) C library. It provides `r n_indicators` technical indicators, `r n_patterns` candlestick patterns, and a composable charting system powered by [{plotly}](https://github.com/plotly/plotly.R) and [{ggplot2}](https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/). All indicator computations are implemented in C via `.Call()` for minimal overhead.
+[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is an R package for technical analysis, candlestick pattern recognition, and interactive financial charting---built on the [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) C library, with minimal dependencies for long-term stability. When it comes to technical analysis [{TTR}](https://github.com/joshuaulrich/TTR) has been the primary tool available in R with many different libraries wrapping it in some form or the other. [{TTR}](https://github.com/joshuaulrich/TTR) is missing Japanese Candlestick Patterns, and this gap have been attempted to be filled by [Ko Chiu Yu](https://github.com/kochiuyu/CandleStickPattern/)---A library which I have also attempted to contributed to.
+Instead of reinventing the wheel I decided to wrap [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) which has been around for more than two decades.
-Alongside [{TTR}](https://github.com/joshuaulrich/TTR), [{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) adds candlestick pattern recognition and interactive charts to the R technical analysis ecosystem.
+## Quick Introduction
-```{r hero, fig.align = 'center', echo = TRUE}
-{
- ## create a candlestick chart
- talib::chart(BTC, title = "Bitcoin (BTC)")
+All functions are based on `S3`-classes with dispatches on `
+**Exponential Moving Average (EMA)---***
-| Category | TA-Lib (C) | {talib} | {talib} alias |
-|:----------------------|:---------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------|
-| Overlap Studies | `TA_BBANDS()` | `bollinger_bands()` | `BBANDS()` |
-| Momentum Indicators | `TA_CCI()` | `commodity_channel_index()` | `CCI()` |
-| Volume Indicators | `TA_OBV()` | `on_balance_volume()` | `OBV()` |
-| Volatility Indicators | `TA_ATR()` | `average_true_range()` | `ATR()` |
-| Price Transform | `TA_AVGPRICE()` | `average_price()` | `AVGPRICE()` |
-| Cycle Indicators | `TA_HT_SINE()` | `sine_wave()` | `HT_SINE()` |
-| Pattern Recognition | `TA_CDLHANGINGMAN()` | `hanging_man()` | `CDLHANGINGMAN()` |
+```{r, echo=TRUE}
+bench::mark(
+ `{talib}`= talib::EMA(x, n = 10),
+ `{TTR}` = TTR::EMA(x, n = 10),
+ check = FALSE,
+ relative = TRUE,
+ iterations = 1e2
+)
+```
-
+**Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)---***
-```{r alias, echo = TRUE}
-## snake_case and TA-Lib aliases
-## are identical
-all.equal(
- target = talib::bollinger_bands(BTC),
- current = talib::BBANDS(BTC)
+```{r, echo=TRUE}
+bench::mark(
+ `{talib}`= talib::MACD(x),
+ `{TTR}` = TTR::MACD(x),
+ check = FALSE,
+ relative = TRUE,
+ iterations = 1e2
)
```
-## Installation[^1]
+## Installation
Install the release version from CRAN:
@@ -214,14 +161,48 @@ install.packages(
Or from a local clone:
+
+## Implementation: {talib} vs TA-Lib Core
+
+Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is aliased to its TA-Lib shorthand for compatibility with the broader ecosystem:
+
+
+
+| Category | TA-Lib (C) | {talib} | {talib} alias |
+|:----------------------|:---------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------|
+| Overlap Studies | `TA_BBANDS()` | `bollinger_bands()` | `BBANDS()` |
+| Momentum Indicators | `TA_CCI()` | `commodity_channel_index()` | `CCI()` |
+| Volume Indicators | `TA_OBV()` | `on_balance_volume()` | `OBV()` |
+| Volatility Indicators | `TA_ATR()` | `average_true_range()` | `ATR()` |
+| Price Transform | `TA_AVGPRICE()` | `average_price()` | `AVGPRICE()` |
+| Cycle Indicators | `TA_HT_SINE()` | `sine_wave()` | `HT_SINE()` |
+| Pattern Recognition | `TA_CDLHANGINGMAN()` | `hanging_man()` | `CDLHANGINGMAN()` |
+
+
+
+```{r alias, echo = TRUE}
+## snake_case and TA-Lib aliases
+## are identical
+all.equal(
+ target = talib::bollinger_bands(BTC),
+ current = talib::BBANDS(BTC)
+)
+```
+
+## Contributing and cloning
+
+[TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) is vendored via `.gitsubmodule` and all clones should be done with `--recursive` as follows:
+
```shell
git clone --recursive https://github.com/serkor1/ta-lib-R.git
cd ta-lib-R
R CMD INSTALL . --configure-args="-O3 -march=native"
```
-## Code of Conduct
+All indicators, functions and (most) unit-tests are generated automatically via BASH in the `codegen`-folder---except for the charting interface. The documentation is autogenerated via `man-roxygen` similarily. All relevant folders include a GPT-generated `README` which should give a proper description on how to use the tools.
-Please note that [{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is released with a [Contributor Code of Conduct](https://contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html). By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
+> Suggestions, objections and complaints are more than welcome. Feel free to open an issue or a PR---but it is recommended to open an issue before commencing any significant work.
+
+## Code of Conduct
-[^1]: [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) is vendored via `CMake`, so a pre-installed TA-Lib is not required. Some systems (Windows in particular) may require `CMake` to be explicitly installed.
+Please note that [{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is released with a [Contributor Code of Conduct](https://contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html). By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
\ No newline at end of file
From cd2d4ec114bf2a97db42155adcdbc90b84e21890 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: serkor1 <77464572+serkor1@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 15 May 2026 18:18:57 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] :books: More aggressive starter
---
README.md | 182 +++++++++++++------------------------------------
dev/README.Rmd | 132 +++++++++++------------------------
2 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 225 deletions(-)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 31b8b91d..ff793849 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-# {talib}: Candlestick Pattern Recognition and Technical Analysis in R
+# {talib}: Fast TA-Lib indicators and candlestick patterns for R
@@ -16,162 +16,76 @@ status](https://www.r-pkg.org/badges/version/talib)](https://CRAN.R-project.org/
downloads](https://cranlogs.r-pkg.org/badges/last-month/talib?color=blue)](https://r-pkg.org/pkg/talib)
-[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is an R package for
-technical analysis, candlestick pattern recognition, and interactive
-financial charting—built on the
-[TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) C library, with minimal
-dependencies for long-term stability. When it comes to technical
-analysis [{TTR}](https://github.com/joshuaulrich/TTR) has been the
-primary tool available in R with many different libraries wrapping it in
-some form or the other. [{TTR}](https://github.com/joshuaulrich/TTR) is
-missing Japanese Candlestick Patterns, and this gap have been attempted
-to be filled by [Ko Chiu
-Yu](https://github.com/kochiuyu/CandleStickPattern/)—A library which I
-have also attempted to contributed to. Instead of reinventing the wheel
-I decided to wrap [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) which has
-been around for more than two decades.
-
-## Quick Introduction
+[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) provides fast R bindings
+to the TA-Lib C library for OHLCV data: technical indicators,
+candlestick pattern recognition, rolling-window utilities, and
+composable financial charts. It is designed for researchers, analysts,
+and quant developers who need technical-analysis features in R without
+building a heavy dependency stack. Core computations are executed in C
+through `.Call()`, while charting support is available through optional
+`plotly` and `ggplot2` integrations.
-All functions are based on `S3`-classes with dispatches on
-`
-**Candlestick Pattern—** below is an example on identifying engulfing
-patterns:
+| Need | {talib} |
+|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| Technical indicators | TA-Lib-backed moving averages, momentum, volatility, volume, cycle, and overlap studies |
+| Candlestick patterns | Built-in Japanese candlestick pattern recognition |
+| OHLCV workflows | Works directly with open, high, low, close, and volume columns |
+| Performance | Computation delegated to C routines through `.Call()` |
+| Dependencies | Minimal required R dependencies; plotting packages are optional |
+| Charts | Composable financial charts with optional `plotly` and `ggplot2` support |
-``` r
-## detect Engulfing patterns:
-## 1 = bullish, -1 = bearish, 0 = none
-tail(
- talib::engulfing(BTC)
-)
-#> CDLENGULFING
-#> 2024-12-26 01:00:00 -1
-#> 2024-12-27 01:00:00 0
-#> 2024-12-28 01:00:00 0
-#> 2024-12-29 01:00:00 -1
-#> 2024-12-30 01:00:00 0
-#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 0
-```
+
-Internally the when passing `BTC` the function(s) looks for the default
-input columns via the `cols`-argument which can be empty. This is true
-for all functions in {talib}.
+## Installation
-**Charting—**
+Install the release version from CRAN:
``` r
-{
- ## switch to ggplot2 backend with
- ## the "Hawks and Doves" theme
- talib::set_theme("hawks_and_doves")
- talib::chart(BTC, title = "Bitcoin (BTC)")
- talib::indicator(talib::BBANDS)
- talib::indicator(talib::RSI)
- talib::indicator(talib::trading_volume)
-}
+install.packages("talib")
```
-
-
-## Benchmarks: {TTR} vs {talib}
+Install the development version from GitHub:
``` r
-## set seed for
-## reproducibility
-set.seed(1903)
-
-## construct a large
-## vector of numbers
-x <- runif(
- n = 1e7,
- min = 1000,
- max = 2000
-)
+pak::pak("serkor1/ta-lib-R")
```
-**Exponential Moving Average (EMA)—**\*
+## Quick start
-``` r
-bench::mark(
- `{talib}`= talib::EMA(x, n = 10),
- `{TTR}` = TTR::EMA(x, n = 10),
- check = FALSE,
- relative = TRUE,
- iterations = 1e2
-)
-#> # A tibble: 2 × 6
-#> expression min median `itr/sec` mem_alloc `gc/sec`
-#>
+# {talib}: Fast TA-Lib indicators and candlestick patterns for R
[](https://github.com/serkor1/ta-lib-R/actions/workflows/R-CMD-check.yaml)
@@ -37,117 +37,67 @@ BTC <- tail(talib::BTC, 150)
[](https://r-pkg.org/pkg/talib)
-[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is an R package for technical analysis, candlestick pattern recognition, and interactive financial charting---built on the [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) C library, with minimal dependencies for long-term stability. When it comes to technical analysis [{TTR}](https://github.com/joshuaulrich/TTR) has been the primary tool available in R with many different libraries wrapping it in some form or the other. [{TTR}](https://github.com/joshuaulrich/TTR) is missing Japanese Candlestick Patterns, and this gap have been attempted to be filled by [Ko Chiu Yu](https://github.com/kochiuyu/CandleStickPattern/)---A library which I have also attempted to contributed to.
-Instead of reinventing the wheel I decided to wrap [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) which has been around for more than two decades.
+[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) provides fast R bindings
+to the TA-Lib C library for OHLCV data: technical indicators,
+candlestick pattern recognition, rolling-window utilities, and
+composable financial charts. It is designed for researchers, analysts, and quant developers who need
+technical-analysis features in R without building a heavy dependency
+stack. Core computations are executed in C through `.Call()`, while
+charting support is available through optional `plotly` and `ggplot2`
+integrations.
-## Quick Introduction
+## Why {talib}?
-All functions are based on `S3`-classes with dispatches on `
-```{r, echo=TRUE}
-head(
- BTC
-)
-```
+| Need | {talib}|
+|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| Technical indicators | TA-Lib-backed moving averages, momentum, volatility, volume, cycle, and overlap studies |
+| Candlestick patterns | Built-in Japanese candlestick pattern recognition |
+| OHLCV workflows | Works directly with open, high, low, close, and volume columns |
+| Performance | Computation delegated to C routines through `.Call()` |
+| Dependencies | Minimal required R dependencies; plotting packages are optional |
+| Charts | Composable financial charts with optional `plotly` and `ggplot2` support |
-**Techincal Indicator---** below is an example on calculating acceleration bands:
+
-```{r, echo = TRUE}
-## caclulate
-tail(
- talib::acceleration_bands(BTC)
-)
-```
+## Installation
-**Candlestick Pattern---** below is an example on identifying engulfing patterns:
+Install the release version from CRAN:
-```{r, echo = TRUE}
-## detect Engulfing patterns:
-## 1 = bullish, -1 = bearish, 0 = none
-tail(
- talib::engulfing(BTC)
-)
+```{r install-cran, echo = TRUE, eval = FALSE}
+install.packages("talib")
```
-Internally the when passing `BTC` the function(s) looks for the default input columns via the `cols`-argument which can be empty.
-This is true for all functions in {talib}.
-
-**Charting---**
+Install the development version from GitHub:
-```{r ggplot2-setup, include = FALSE}
-options(talib.chart.backend = "ggplot2")
-talib::set_theme("hawks_and_doves")
+```{r install-dev, echo = TRUE, eval = FALSE}
+pak::pak("serkor1/ta-lib-R")
```
-```{r ggplot2, fig.align = 'center', fig.height = 7, echo = TRUE}
-{
- ## switch to ggplot2 backend with
- ## the "Hawks and Doves" theme
- talib::set_theme("hawks_and_doves")
- talib::chart(BTC, title = "Bitcoin (BTC)")
- talib::indicator(talib::BBANDS)
- talib::indicator(talib::RSI)
- talib::indicator(talib::trading_volume)
-}
-```
+## Quick start
-## Benchmarks: {TTR} vs {talib}
+All functions are based on `S3`-classes with dispatches on `
| Need | {talib} |
-|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+|:---------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Technical indicators | TA-Lib-backed moving averages, momentum, volatility, volume, cycle, and overlap studies |
| Candlestick patterns | Built-in Japanese candlestick pattern recognition |
| OHLCV workflows | Works directly with open, high, low, close, and volume columns |
@@ -56,50 +56,51 @@ pak::pak("serkor1/ta-lib-R")
## Quick start
-All functions are based on `S3`-classes with dispatches on
-``, `` and—where applicable—``. The rule(s)
-are simple: `` in, `` out.
+All functions provide S3 methods for ``, ``,
+and—where applicable—`` inputs. The general convention is
+simple: the output uses the same container type as the input.
``` r
-## combine candlestick patterns
-## into a single
+## calculate the
+## relative strength index
+relative_strength_index <- talib::RSI(
+ talib::BTC
+)
+
+## display results
tail(
- candlestick_patterns <- data.frame(
- doji = talib::doji(talib::BTC),
- engulfing = talib::engulfing(talib::BTC),
- black_crows = talib::three_black_crows(talib::BTC)
- )
+ relative_strength_index
)
-#> CDLDOJI CDLENGULFING CDL3BLACKCROWS
-#> 2024-12-26 01:00:00 0 -1 0
-#> 2024-12-27 01:00:00 0 0 0
-#> 2024-12-28 01:00:00 0 0 0
-#> 2024-12-29 01:00:00 0 -1 0
-#> 2024-12-30 01:00:00 0 0 0
-#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 0 0 0
+#> RSI
+#> 2024-12-26 01:00:00 46.48851
+#> 2024-12-27 01:00:00 43.85488
+#> 2024-12-28 01:00:00 45.93888
+#> 2024-12-29 01:00:00 43.12301
+#> 2024-12-30 01:00:00 41.47686
+#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 43.37358
```
-## Technical indicators and candlestick patterns
-
-**Technical indicators—**
-
-**Candlestick patterns—**
-
-## Aggressive optimizations
-
-Unknown flags passed to `configure` are forwarded verbatim to both the
-CMake build of the vendored TA-Lib and the R wrapper compile step.
-Rebuild from source with any compiler flags you like:
+All functions follow another convention: length in, length out. This
+makes it safe to combine indicators:
``` r
-install.packages(
- "talib",
- type = "source",
- configure.args = "-O3 -march=native"
+## combine multiple
+## indicators
+features <- cbind(
+ talib::relative_strength_index(talib::BTC),
+ talib::bollinger_bands(talib::BTC),
+ talib::engulfing(talib::BTC)
)
-```
-Or from a local clone:
+tail(features)
+#> RSI UpperBand MiddleBand LowerBand CDLENGULFING
+#> 2024-12-26 01:00:00 46.48851 100487.38 96698.61 92909.83 -1
+#> 2024-12-27 01:00:00 43.85488 100670.65 96512.96 92355.27 0
+#> 2024-12-28 01:00:00 45.93888 100632.13 96581.91 92531.69 0
+#> 2024-12-29 01:00:00 43.12301 99628.77 95576.60 91524.43 -1
+#> 2024-12-30 01:00:00 41.47686 96403.53 94231.31 92059.09 0
+#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 43.37358 95441.13 93774.23 92107.34 0
+```
## Implementation: {talib} vs TA-Lib Core
@@ -121,37 +122,37 @@ ecosystem:
-``` r
-## snake_case and TA-Lib aliases
-## are identical
-all.equal(
- target = talib::bollinger_bands(BTC),
- current = talib::BBANDS(BTC)
-)
-#> [1] TRUE
-```
-
## Contributing and cloning
-[TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) is vendored via
-`.gitsubmodule` and all clones should be done with `--recursive` as
-follows:
+Contributions are welcome. For non-trivial changes, please open an issue
+first to discuss the proposed design, API impact, and testing approach.
+
+This repository vendors [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) as a
+Git submodule. Clone the repository with submodules enabled:
-``` shell
-git clone --recursive https://github.com/serkor1/ta-lib-R.git
+``` sh
+git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/serkor1/ta-lib-R.git
cd ta-lib-R
-R CMD INSTALL . --configure-args="-O3 -march=native"
```
-All indicators, functions and (most) unit-tests are generated
-automatically via BASH in the `codegen`-folder—except for the charting
-interface. The documentation is autogenerated via `man-roxygen`
-similarily. All relevant folders include a GPT-generated `README` which
-should give a proper description on how to use the tools.
+If you already cloned the repository without submodules, initialize them
+with:
+
+``` sh
+git submodule update --init --recursive
+```
+
+Most indicator wrappers, helper functions, documentation fragments, and
+unit tests are generated from the scripts in `codegen/`. The charting
+interface is maintained separately.
+
+Common development tasks are exposed through Make targets:
+
+``` sh
+make help
+```
-> Suggestions, objections and complaints are more than welcome. Feel
-> free to open an issue or a PR—but it is recommended to open an issue
-> before commencing any significant work.
+See CONTRIBUTING.md for the full development workflow.
## Code of Conduct
diff --git a/dev/README.Rmd b/dev/README.Rmd
index 63e8b695..fada67d4 100644
--- a/dev/README.Rmd
+++ b/dev/README.Rmd
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ integrations.
| Need | {talib}|
-|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+|:----------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Technical indicators | TA-Lib-backed moving averages, momentum, volatility, volume, cycle, and overlap studies |
| Candlestick patterns | Built-in Japanese candlestick pattern recognition |
| OHLCV workflows | Works directly with open, high, low, close, and volume columns |
@@ -77,40 +77,34 @@ pak::pak("serkor1/ta-lib-R")
## Quick start
-All functions are based on `S3`-classes with dispatches on ``, `` and---where applicable---``. The rule(s) are simple: `` in, `` out.
+All functions provide S3 methods for ``, ``, and---where applicable---`` inputs. The general convention is simple: the output uses the same container type as the input.
-```{r, echo = TRUE}
-## combine candlestick patterns
-## into a single
+```{r, echo=TRUE}
+## calculate the
+## relative strength index
+relative_strength_index <- talib::RSI(
+ talib::BTC
+)
+
+## display results
tail(
- candlestick_patterns <- data.frame(
- doji = talib::doji(talib::BTC),
- engulfing = talib::engulfing(talib::BTC),
- black_crows = talib::three_black_crows(talib::BTC)
- )
+ relative_strength_index
)
```
-## Technical indicators and candlestick patterns
-
-**Technical indicators---**
-
-**Candlestick patterns---**
-
-## Aggressive optimizations
+All functions follow another convention: length in, length out. This makes it safe to combine indicators:
-Unknown flags passed to `configure` are forwarded verbatim to both the CMake build of the vendored TA-Lib and the R wrapper compile step. Rebuild from source with any compiler flags you like:
-
-```{r install-native, echo = TRUE, eval = FALSE}
-install.packages(
- "talib",
- type = "source",
- configure.args = "-O3 -march=native"
+```{r, echo = TRUE}
+## combine multiple
+## indicators
+features <- cbind(
+ talib::relative_strength_index(talib::BTC),
+ talib::bollinger_bands(talib::BTC),
+ talib::engulfing(talib::BTC)
)
-```
-
-Or from a local clone:
+tail(features)
+```
## Implementation: {talib} vs TA-Lib Core
@@ -130,28 +124,32 @@ Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is aliased to its
-```{r alias, echo = TRUE}
-## snake_case and TA-Lib aliases
-## are identical
-all.equal(
- target = talib::bollinger_bands(BTC),
- current = talib::BBANDS(BTC)
-)
-```
-
## Contributing and cloning
-[TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) is vendored via `.gitsubmodule` and all clones should be done with `--recursive` as follows:
+Contributions are welcome. For non-trivial changes, please open an issue first to discuss the proposed design, API impact, and testing approach.
-```shell
-git clone --recursive https://github.com/serkor1/ta-lib-R.git
+This repository vendors [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) as a Git submodule. Clone the repository with submodules enabled:
+
+```sh
+git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/serkor1/ta-lib-R.git
cd ta-lib-R
-R CMD INSTALL . --configure-args="-O3 -march=native"
```
-All indicators, functions and (most) unit-tests are generated automatically via BASH in the `codegen`-folder---except for the charting interface. The documentation is autogenerated via `man-roxygen` similarily. All relevant folders include a GPT-generated `README` which should give a proper description on how to use the tools.
+If you already cloned the repository without submodules, initialize them with:
+
+```sh
+git submodule update --init --recursive
+```
+
+Most indicator wrappers, helper functions, documentation fragments, and unit tests are generated from the scripts in `codegen/`. The charting interface is maintained separately.
+
+Common development tasks are exposed through Make targets:
+
+```sh
+make help
+```
-> Suggestions, objections and complaints are more than welcome. Feel free to open an issue or a PR---but it is recommended to open an issue before commencing any significant work.
+See CONTRIBUTING.md for the full development workflow.
## Code of Conduct
From d84efbca1b61298d763dd5647c653bae7cf33396 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: serkor1 <77464572+serkor1@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 16 May 2026 02:46:31 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] :books: Added footnotes
---
README.md | 10 +++++++---
dev/README.Rmd | 9 ++++++---
2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index ca4cfc97..80833092 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ through `.Call()`, while charting support is available through optional
-## Installation
+## Installation[^1]
Install the release version from CRAN:
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ tail(
#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 43.37358
```
-All functions follow another convention: length in, length out. This
-makes it safe to combine indicators:
+Indicator outputs preserve input length, which keeps results aligned
+with the original OHLCV rows.
``` r
## combine multiple
@@ -160,3 +160,7 @@ Please note that [{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is
released with a [Contributor Code of
Conduct](https://contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html).
By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
+
+[^1]: `{talib}` is a compiled package. CRAN binaries are available for
+ standard platforms when provided by CRAN. Source installation
+ requires a working compiler toolchain and CMake.
diff --git a/dev/README.Rmd b/dev/README.Rmd
index fada67d4..0a69d854 100644
--- a/dev/README.Rmd
+++ b/dev/README.Rmd
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ integrations.
-## Installation
+## Installation[^1]
Install the release version from CRAN:
@@ -92,7 +92,8 @@ tail(
)
```
-All functions follow another convention: length in, length out. This makes it safe to combine indicators:
+Indicator outputs preserve input length, which keeps results aligned with the
+original OHLCV rows.
```{r, echo = TRUE}
## combine multiple
@@ -153,4 +154,6 @@ See CONTRIBUTING.md for the full development workflow.
## Code of Conduct
-Please note that [{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is released with a [Contributor Code of Conduct](https://contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html). By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
\ No newline at end of file
+Please note that [{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is released with a [Contributor Code of Conduct](https://contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html). By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
+
+[^1]: `{talib}` is a compiled package. CRAN binaries are available for standard platforms when provided by CRAN. Source installation requires a working compiler toolchain and CMake.
\ No newline at end of file
From a0f0d0732f120532666f9c8d948a357c2307b9aa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: serkor1 <77464572+serkor1@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 16 May 2026 09:49:38 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] :books: Streamlined links and added examples
---
README.md | 68 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
dev/README.Rmd | 57 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
2 files changed, 99 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 80833092..a830fa6b 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -17,13 +17,15 @@ downloads](https://cranlogs.r-pkg.org/badges/last-month/talib?color=blue)](https
[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) provides fast R bindings
-to the TA-Lib C library for OHLCV data: technical indicators,
-candlestick pattern recognition, rolling-window utilities, and
-composable financial charts. It is designed for researchers, analysts,
-and quant developers who need technical-analysis features in R without
-building a heavy dependency stack. Core computations are executed in C
-through `.Call()`, while charting support is available through optional
-`plotly` and `ggplot2` integrations.
+to the [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) C library for OHLCV
+data: technical indicators, candlestick pattern recognition,
+rolling-window utilities, and composable financial charts. It is
+designed for researchers, analysts, and quant developers who need
+technical-analysis features in R without building a heavy dependency
+stack. Core computations are executed in C through `.Call()`, while
+charting support is available through optional
+[{plotly}](https://github.com/plotly/plotly.R) and
+[{ggplot2}](https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/) integrations.
## Why {talib}?
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ through `.Call()`, while charting support is available through optional
| OHLCV workflows | Works directly with open, high, low, close, and volume columns |
| Performance | Computation delegated to C routines through `.Call()` |
| Dependencies | Minimal required R dependencies; plotting packages are optional |
-| Charts | Composable financial charts with optional `plotly` and `ggplot2` support |
+| Charts | Composable financial charts with optional `{plotly}` and `{ggplot2}` support |
@@ -102,11 +104,11 @@ tail(features)
#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 43.37358 95441.13 93774.23 92107.34 0
```
-## Implementation: {talib} vs TA-Lib Core
+## Implementation: {talib} vs upstream (TA-Lib Core)
Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is
-aliased to its TA-Lib shorthand for compatibility with the broader
-ecosystem:
+aliased to its [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) shorthand for
+compatibility with the broader ecosystem:
@@ -122,6 +124,47 @@ ecosystem:
+### Interface: R vs Python
+
+The main difference between the `R` and `Python` implementation is how
+OHLCV series are passed into each indicator function. Below are an
+example of identifying `Doji` patterns in `R` and `Python`.
+
+In `Python` each series are passed independently:
+
+``` python
+import numpy as np
+import talib
+
+o = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], dtype=float)
+h = np.array([2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2], dtype=float)
+l = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], dtype=float)
+c = np.array([2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1], dtype=float)
+
+print(
+ talib.CDLDOJI(o, h, l, c)
+)
+```
+
+In R the series are passed as a tabular container:
+
+``` r
+ohlc <- data.frame(
+ open = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+ high = c(2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2),
+ low = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+ close = c(2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1)
+)
+
+talib::CDLDOJI(
+ ohlc
+)
+```
+
+All default series arguments are handled internally, and the `R`
+implementation can therefore be considered a higher level
+implementation.
+
## Contributing and cloning
Contributions are welcome. For non-trivial changes, please open an issue
@@ -163,4 +206,5 @@ By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
[^1]: `{talib}` is a compiled package. CRAN binaries are available for
standard platforms when provided by CRAN. Source installation
- requires a working compiler toolchain and CMake.
+ requires a working compiler toolchain and
+ [CMake](https://cmake.org/).
diff --git a/dev/README.Rmd b/dev/README.Rmd
index 0a69d854..95e64c13 100644
--- a/dev/README.Rmd
+++ b/dev/README.Rmd
@@ -22,9 +22,6 @@ knitr::opts_chunk$set(
warning = FALSE,
echo = FALSE
)
-
-# subset BTC to last 150 rows for cleaner charts
-BTC <- tail(talib::BTC, 150)
```
# {talib}: Fast TA-Lib indicators and candlestick patterns for R
@@ -38,13 +35,7 @@ BTC <- tail(talib::BTC, 150)
[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) provides fast R bindings
-to the TA-Lib C library for OHLCV data: technical indicators,
-candlestick pattern recognition, rolling-window utilities, and
-composable financial charts. It is designed for researchers, analysts, and quant developers who need
-technical-analysis features in R without building a heavy dependency
-stack. Core computations are executed in C through `.Call()`, while
-charting support is available through optional `plotly` and `ggplot2`
-integrations.
+to the [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) C library for OHLCV data: technical indicators, candlestick pattern recognition, rolling-window utilities, and composable financial charts. It is designed for researchers, analysts, and quant developers who need technical-analysis features in R without building a heavy dependency stack. Core computations are executed in C through `.Call()`, while charting support is available through optional [{plotly}](https://github.com/plotly/plotly.R) and [{ggplot2}](https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/) integrations.
## Why {talib}?
@@ -57,7 +48,7 @@ integrations.
| OHLCV workflows | Works directly with open, high, low, close, and volume columns |
| Performance | Computation delegated to C routines through `.Call()` |
| Dependencies | Minimal required R dependencies; plotting packages are optional |
-| Charts | Composable financial charts with optional `plotly` and `ggplot2` support |
+| Charts | Composable financial charts with optional `{plotly}` and `{ggplot2}` support |
@@ -107,9 +98,9 @@ features <- cbind(
tail(features)
```
-## Implementation: {talib} vs TA-Lib Core
+## Implementation: {talib} vs upstream (TA-Lib Core)
-Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is aliased to its TA-Lib shorthand for compatibility with the broader ecosystem:
+Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is aliased to its [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) shorthand for compatibility with the broader ecosystem:
@@ -125,6 +116,44 @@ Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is aliased to its
+### Interface: R vs Python
+
+The main difference between the `R` and `Python` implementation is how OHLCV series are passed into each indicator function.
+Below are an example of identifying `Doji` patterns in `R` and `Python`.
+
+In `Python` each series are passed independently:
+
+```python
+import numpy as np
+import talib
+
+o = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], dtype=float)
+h = np.array([2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2], dtype=float)
+l = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], dtype=float)
+c = np.array([2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1], dtype=float)
+
+print(
+ talib.CDLDOJI(o, h, l, c)
+)
+```
+
+In R the series are passed as a tabular container:
+
+```{r, echo = TRUE, eval = FALSE}
+ohlc <- data.frame(
+ open = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+ high = c(2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2),
+ low = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+ close = c(2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1)
+)
+
+talib::CDLDOJI(
+ ohlc
+)
+```
+
+All default series arguments are handled internally, and the `R` implementation can therefore be considered a higher level implementation.
+
## Contributing and cloning
Contributions are welcome. For non-trivial changes, please open an issue first to discuss the proposed design, API impact, and testing approach.
@@ -156,4 +185,4 @@ See CONTRIBUTING.md for the full development workflow.
Please note that [{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) is released with a [Contributor Code of Conduct](https://contributor-covenant.org/version/2/1/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html). By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
-[^1]: `{talib}` is a compiled package. CRAN binaries are available for standard platforms when provided by CRAN. Source installation requires a working compiler toolchain and CMake.
\ No newline at end of file
+[^1]: `{talib}` is a compiled package. CRAN binaries are available for standard platforms when provided by CRAN. Source installation requires a working compiler toolchain and [CMake](https://cmake.org/).
\ No newline at end of file
From 24a752cdff9472e40a14c117ad1eacb327fbd1b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: serkor1 <77464572+serkor1@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 16 May 2026 10:37:44 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] :books: Re-added charting sections
---
README.md | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++
dev/README.Rmd | 23 +++++++++++++++++++
man/figures/README-unnamed-chunk-3-1.png | Bin 0 -> 83771 bytes
3 files changed, 51 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 man/figures/README-unnamed-chunk-3-1.png
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index a830fa6b..163ac6ea 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -104,6 +104,34 @@ tail(features)
#> 2024-12-31 01:00:00 43.37358 95441.13 93774.23 92107.34 0
```
+## Charting
+
+[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) comes with a composable
+charting API built on two core functions: `indicator()` and
+`chart()`—both functions are built on `model.frame` for maximum
+flexibility:
+
+``` r
+## subset data
+OHLCV <- talib::BTC[1:75, ]
+
+## construct charts
+{
+ talib::chart(OHLCV)
+ talib::indicator(talib::BBANDS)
+
+ ## pass multiple calls to combine
+ ## them on a single sub-panel
+ talib::indicator(
+ talib::RSI(n = 10),
+ talib::RSI(n = 14),
+ talib::RSI(n = 21)
+ )
+}
+```
+
+
+
## Implementation: {talib} vs upstream (TA-Lib Core)
Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is
diff --git a/dev/README.Rmd b/dev/README.Rmd
index 95e64c13..c6fcf937 100644
--- a/dev/README.Rmd
+++ b/dev/README.Rmd
@@ -98,6 +98,29 @@ features <- cbind(
tail(features)
```
+## Charting
+
+[{talib}](https://serkor1.github.io/ta-lib-R/) comes with a composable charting API built on two core functions: `indicator()` and `chart()`---both functions are built on `model.frame` for maximum flexibility:
+
+```{r, echo=TRUE}
+## subset data
+OHLCV <- talib::BTC[1:75, ]
+
+## construct charts
+{
+ talib::chart(OHLCV)
+ talib::indicator(talib::BBANDS)
+
+ ## pass multiple calls to combine
+ ## them on a single sub-panel
+ talib::indicator(
+ talib::RSI(n = 10),
+ talib::RSI(n = 14),
+ talib::RSI(n = 21)
+ )
+}
+```
+
## Implementation: {talib} vs upstream (TA-Lib Core)
Functions use descriptive snake_case names, but every function is aliased to its [TA-Lib](https://github.com/TA-Lib/ta-lib) shorthand for compatibility with the broader ecosystem:
diff --git a/man/figures/README-unnamed-chunk-3-1.png b/man/figures/README-unnamed-chunk-3-1.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..060394d5faa9d1bc8b8bf7a9bf832b6b2790e656
GIT binary patch
literal 83771
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