From a352178f3288d70dc1373d954303af4be2bb7c7c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: semimikoh <ejffjeosms@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2026 16:32:25 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] worker: parse NODE_OPTIONS when env option is not
 provided

---
 src/node_worker.cc | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/node_worker.cc b/src/node_worker.cc
index c8fb93c9313aca..9781f1a1d2c39d 100644
--- a/src/node_worker.cc
+++ b/src/node_worker.cc
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ void Worker::New(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {
     THROW_ERR_OPERATION_FAILED(env, "Failed to copy environment variables");
   }
 
-  if (args[1]->IsObject() || args[2]->IsArray()) {
+  if (args[1]->IsNull() || args[1]->IsObject() || args[2]->IsArray()) {
     per_isolate_opts.reset(new PerIsolateOptions());
 
     HandleEnvOptions(per_isolate_opts->per_env, [&env_vars](const char* name) {

From 9f345a9bdcd87dfe6fba2efccdfdc45400e85d92 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: semimikoh <ejffjeosms@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 23 Mar 2026 08:15:42 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] test: add test for worker NODE_OPTIONS without env option

---
 .../fixtures/spawn-worker-without-env-option.js | 17 +++++++++++++++++
 test/parallel/test-worker-node-options.js       | 17 +++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 34 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test/fixtures/spawn-worker-without-env-option.js

diff --git a/test/fixtures/spawn-worker-without-env-option.js b/test/fixtures/spawn-worker-without-env-option.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..435a84f7bf7b7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/spawn-worker-without-env-option.js
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// Tests that NODE_OPTIONS set at runtime in the parent process
+// are picked up by a worker thread even when the env option is
+// not explicitly provided to the Worker constructor.
+const { Worker, isMainThread } = require('worker_threads');
+
+if (isMainThread) {
+  process.env.NODE_OPTIONS = '--trace-exit';
+  new Worker(__filename);
+} else {
+  setImmediate(() => {
+    process.nextTick(() => {
+      process.exit(0);
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-worker-node-options.js b/test/parallel/test-worker-node-options.js
index 73f71b57ac7607..7bb9acecb1942e 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-worker-node-options.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-worker-node-options.js
@@ -38,3 +38,20 @@ spawnSyncAndAssert(
     stderr: /spawn-worker-with-trace-exit\.js:17/
   }
 );
+
+// Test that NODE_OPTIONS set at runtime in the parent process are
+// picked up by a worker even when the env option is not provided.
+spawnSyncAndAssert(
+  process.execPath,
+  [
+    fixtures.path('spawn-worker-without-env-option'),
+  ],
+  {
+    env: {
+      ...process.env,
+    }
+  },
+  {
+    stderr: /spawn-worker-without-env-option\.js:14/
+  }
+);