refactor(ui): Improve UserButton accessibility

[alexcarpenter]

Summary

Replaces role="menu" / role="menuitem" with role="dialog" and role="group" in the UserButton popover. The popover contains mixed content (profile preview, action buttons, session cards, footer) — not a flat action list — so menu semantics were misleading screen readers.

What changed

• Dialog semantics — popover is now role="dialog" with labeled role="group" sections ("Account actions", "Active sessions")
• Focus management — uses floating-ui's useInteractions (useClick, useRole, useDismiss) instead of manual onClick/aria-* wiring. Focus moves to the dialog container on open, Tab is trapped inside, Escape restores focus to the trigger
• Identity-first trigger label — "First Last - Open account panel" instead of "Open user menu"
• Removed hard-coded role="menuitem" from Action/ExtraSmallAction components — no caller uses menu semantics

Fixes USER-4842

Checklist

• pnpm test runs as expected.
• pnpm build runs as expected.
• (If applicable) JSDoc comments have been added or updated for any package exports
• (If applicable) Documentation has been updated

Type of change

• 🐛 Bug fix

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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
clerk-js-sandbox	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 19, 2026 1:13am

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: ae1e533

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 20 packages

Name	Type
@clerk/ui	Patch
@clerk/shared	Patch
@clerk/localizations	Patch
@clerk/astro	Patch
@clerk/chrome-extension	Patch
@clerk/react	Patch
@clerk/vue	Patch
@clerk/backend	Patch
@clerk/clerk-js	Patch
@clerk/expo-passkeys	Patch
@clerk/expo	Patch
@clerk/express	Patch
@clerk/fastify	Patch
@clerk/hono	Patch
@clerk/msw	Patch
@clerk/nextjs	Patch
@clerk/nuxt	Patch
@clerk/react-router	Patch
@clerk/tanstack-react-start	Patch
@clerk/testing	Patch

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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

This pull request updates the UserButton component's accessibility architecture by replacing the menu-based pattern (with role="menu" and role="menuitem") with a dialog-based pattern (role="dialog" with grouped actions). The changes include localized labels for the popover and action groups, identity-first trigger text that displays the user's name, and enhanced focus management leveraging Floating UI's interaction system. The Popover element gains modal behavior support, and the usePopover hook is extended with role interactions and prop getter functions. Comprehensive tests verify the new dialog semantics and focus trapping behavior.

Estimated code review effort

🎯 3 (Moderate) | ⏱️ ~25 minutes

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 5

✅ Passed checks (5 passed)

Check name	Status	Explanation
Title check	✅ Passed	The title 'refactor(ui): Improve UserButton accessibility' clearly and concisely summarizes the main change: enhancing accessibility for the UserButton component through refactoring.
Docstring Coverage	✅ Passed	No functions found in the changed files to evaluate docstring coverage. Skipping docstring coverage check.
Linked Issues check	✅ Passed	Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check	✅ Passed	Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Description check	✅ Passed	The PR description clearly explains the changes: replacing menu/menuitem ARIA roles with dialog/group roles, improving focus management with floating-ui interactions, and updating trigger labels for identity-first accessibility.

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[coderabbitai]

Actionable comments posted: 1

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents

Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

Inline comments:
In `@packages/ui/src/components/UserButton/__tests__/UserButton.test.tsx`:
- Around line 243-266: The current test "traps focus within the popover when
open" only asserts the trigger loses focus on Tab, which can pass even if focus
moves outside the dialog; update the loop to assert that the dialog element
(retrieved as dialog = screen.getByRole('dialog', { name: 'Account panel' }))
contains the active element after each await userEvent.tab() call instead of
checking expect(trigger).not.toHaveFocus(); i.e., replace the per-iteration
assertion with a containment check like dialog.contains(document.activeElement)
(using the existing dialog variable and userEvent.tab()) so each Tab verifies
focus remains inside the popover.

🪄 Autofix (Beta)

Fix all unresolved CodeRabbit comments on this PR:

• Push a commit to this branch (recommended)
• Create a new PR with the fixes

---

ℹ️ Review info

⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: Repository YAML (base), Organization UI (inherited)

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

Run ID: 6d4f3cc8-0b08-4506-8719-c6ce29033b7f

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between e73d266 and 73355ba.

📒 Files selected for processing (10)

• .changeset/user-button-a11y.md
• packages/localizations/src/en-US.ts
• packages/shared/src/types/localization.ts
• packages/ui/src/components/UserButton/SessionActions.tsx
• packages/ui/src/components/UserButton/UserButtonPopover.tsx
• packages/ui/src/components/UserButton/UserButtonTrigger.tsx
• packages/ui/src/components/UserButton/__tests__/UserButton.test.tsx
• packages/ui/src/components/UserButton/index.tsx
• packages/ui/src/elements/Popover.tsx
• packages/ui/src/hooks/usePopover.ts

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commit: 86c0e3d