diff --git a/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_10.yml b/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_10.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8df8a22c74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_10.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+# Runs on every PR and on main. Latest supported Iceberg version, paired with
+# Spark 3.5.
+name: Iceberg Spark SQL Tests (Iceberg 1.10)
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.repository }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.sha }}-${{ github.workflow }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "native/**/src/**"
+      - "native/**/Cargo.toml"
+      - "native/Cargo.lock"
+      - "!native/hdfs/**"
+      - "!native/fs-hdfs/**"
+      - "common/src/main/**"
+      - "common/pom.xml"
+      - "spark/src/main/**"
+      - "!spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/GenerateDocs.scala"
+      - "spark/pom.xml"
+      - "dev/diffs/iceberg/**"
+      - "pom.xml"
+      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
+      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_10.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml"
+      - ".github/actions/setup-builder/**"
+      - ".github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder/**"
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "native/**/src/**"
+      - "native/**/Cargo.toml"
+      - "native/Cargo.lock"
+      - "!native/hdfs/**"
+      - "!native/fs-hdfs/**"
+      - "common/src/main/**"
+      - "common/pom.xml"
+      - "spark/src/main/**"
+      - "!spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/GenerateDocs.scala"
+      - "spark/pom.xml"
+      - "dev/diffs/iceberg/**"
+      - "pom.xml"
+      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
+      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_10.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml"
+      - ".github/actions/setup-builder/**"
+      - ".github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  iceberg-spark:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml
+    with:
+      iceberg-short: '1.10'
+      iceberg-full: '1.10.0'
+      spark-short: '3.5'
+      spark-full: '3.5.8'
+      java: 17
diff --git a/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_8.yml b/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_8.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..111d1af46a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_8.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+# Runs on main only. Oldest supported Iceberg version, paired with Spark 3.4.
+name: Iceberg Spark SQL Tests (Iceberg 1.8)
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.repository }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.sha }}-${{ github.workflow }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "native/**/src/**"
+      - "native/**/Cargo.toml"
+      - "native/Cargo.lock"
+      - "!native/hdfs/**"
+      - "!native/fs-hdfs/**"
+      - "common/src/main/**"
+      - "common/pom.xml"
+      - "spark/src/main/**"
+      - "!spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/GenerateDocs.scala"
+      - "spark/pom.xml"
+      - "dev/diffs/iceberg/**"
+      - "pom.xml"
+      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
+      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_8.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml"
+      - ".github/actions/setup-builder/**"
+      - ".github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  iceberg-spark:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml
+    with:
+      iceberg-short: '1.8'
+      iceberg-full: '1.8.1'
+      spark-short: '3.4'
+      spark-full: '3.4.3'
+      java: 11
diff --git a/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_9.yml b/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_9.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f8a2361cf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_9.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+# Runs on main only. Iceberg 1.9 paired with Spark 3.5.
+name: Iceberg Spark SQL Tests (Iceberg 1.9)
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.repository }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.sha }}-${{ github.workflow }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "native/**/src/**"
+      - "native/**/Cargo.toml"
+      - "native/Cargo.lock"
+      - "!native/hdfs/**"
+      - "!native/fs-hdfs/**"
+      - "common/src/main/**"
+      - "common/pom.xml"
+      - "spark/src/main/**"
+      - "!spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/GenerateDocs.scala"
+      - "spark/pom.xml"
+      - "dev/diffs/iceberg/**"
+      - "pom.xml"
+      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
+      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_1_9.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml"
+      - ".github/actions/setup-builder/**"
+      - ".github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  iceberg-spark:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml
+    with:
+      iceberg-short: '1.9'
+      iceberg-full: '1.9.1'
+      spark-short: '3.5'
+      spark-full: '3.5.8'
+      java: 17
diff --git a/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test.yml b/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml
similarity index 50%
rename from .github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test.yml
rename to .github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml
index 6834fbfe18..56827005aa 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml
@@ -15,54 +15,40 @@
 # specific language governing permissions and limitations
 # under the License.
 
-name: Iceberg Spark SQL Tests
+# Reusable Iceberg Spark test workflow. Invoked once per Iceberg version by
+# the iceberg_spark_test_<version>.yml caller workflows. Keep all job logic
+# here so the per-version callers stay thin.
 
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.repository }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.sha }}-${{ github.workflow }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
+name: Iceberg Spark SQL Tests (reusable)
 
 on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main
-    paths:
-      - "native/**/src/**"
-      - "native/**/Cargo.toml"
-      - "native/Cargo.lock"
-      - "!native/hdfs/**"
-      - "!native/fs-hdfs/**"
-      - "common/src/main/**"
-      - "common/pom.xml"
-      - "spark/src/main/**"
-      - "!spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/GenerateDocs.scala"
-      - "spark/pom.xml"
-      - "dev/diffs/iceberg/**"
-      - "pom.xml"
-      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
-      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test.yml"
-      - ".github/actions/setup-builder/**"
-      - ".github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder/**"
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "native/**/src/**"
-      - "native/**/Cargo.toml"
-      - "native/Cargo.lock"
-      - "!native/hdfs/**"
-      - "!native/fs-hdfs/**"
-      - "common/src/main/**"
-      - "common/pom.xml"
-      - "spark/src/main/**"
-      - "!spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/GenerateDocs.scala"
-      - "spark/pom.xml"
-      - "dev/diffs/iceberg/**"
-      - "pom.xml"
-      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
-      - ".github/workflows/iceberg_spark_test.yml"
-      - ".github/actions/setup-builder/**"
-      - ".github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder/**"
-  # manual trigger
-  # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/managing-workflow-runs/manually-running-a-workflow
-  workflow_dispatch:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      iceberg-short:
+        description: 'Iceberg minor version, e.g. 1.10'
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      iceberg-full:
+        description: 'Iceberg full version, e.g. 1.10.0'
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      spark-short:
+        description: 'Spark minor version, e.g. 3.5'
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      spark-full:
+        description: 'Spark full version, e.g. 3.5.8'
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      java:
+        description: 'JDK major version, e.g. 17'
+        required: true
+        type: number
+      scala:
+        description: 'Scala minor version, e.g. 2.13'
+        required: false
+        default: '2.13'
+        type: string
 
 env:
   RUST_VERSION: stable
@@ -125,20 +111,8 @@ jobs:
 
   iceberg-spark:
     needs: build-native
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-24.04]
-        iceberg-version: [{short: '1.8', full: '1.8.1'}, {short: '1.9', full: '1.9.1'}, {short: '1.10', full: '1.10.0'}]
-        spark-version: [{short: '3.4', full: '3.4.3'}, {short: '3.5', full: '3.5.8'}]
-        scala-version: ['2.13']
-        include:
-          - spark-version: {short: '3.4', full: '3.4.3'}
-            java-version: 11
-          - spark-version: {short: '3.5', full: '3.5.8'}
-            java-version: 17
-      fail-fast: false
-    name: iceberg-spark/${{ matrix.os }}/iceberg-${{ matrix.iceberg-version.full }}/spark-${{ matrix.spark-version.full }}/scala-${{ matrix.scala-version }}/java-${{ matrix.java-version }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    name: iceberg-spark/iceberg-${{ inputs.iceberg-full }}/spark-${{ inputs.spark-full }}/scala-${{ inputs.scala }}/java-${{ inputs.java }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     container:
       image: amd64/rust
     env:
@@ -148,8 +122,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup Rust & Java toolchain
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-builder
         with:
-          rust-version: ${{env.RUST_VERSION}}
-          jdk-version: ${{ matrix.java-version }}
+          rust-version: ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }}
+          jdk-version: ${{ inputs.java }}
       - name: Download native library
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
         with:
@@ -157,35 +131,23 @@ jobs:
           path: native/target/release/
       - name: Build Comet
         run: |
-          ./mvnw install -Prelease -DskipTests -Pspark-${{ matrix.spark-version.short }} -Pscala-${{ matrix.scala-version }}
+          ./mvnw install -Prelease -DskipTests -Pspark-${{ inputs.spark-short }} -Pscala-${{ inputs.scala }}
       - name: Setup Iceberg
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder
         with:
-          iceberg-version: ${{ matrix.iceberg-version.full }}
+          iceberg-version: ${{ inputs.iceberg-full }}
       - name: Run Iceberg Spark tests
         run: |
           cd apache-iceberg
           rm -rf /root/.m2/repository/org/apache/parquet # somehow parquet cache requires cleanups
-          ENABLE_COMET=true ENABLE_COMET_ONHEAP=true ./gradlew -DsparkVersions=${{ matrix.spark-version.short }} -DscalaVersion=${{ matrix.scala-version }} -DflinkVersions= -DkafkaVersions= \
-            :iceberg-spark:iceberg-spark-${{ matrix.spark-version.short }}_${{ matrix.scala-version }}:test \
+          ENABLE_COMET=true ENABLE_COMET_ONHEAP=true ./gradlew -DsparkVersions=${{ inputs.spark-short }} -DscalaVersion=${{ inputs.scala }} -DflinkVersions= -DkafkaVersions= \
+            :iceberg-spark:iceberg-spark-${{ inputs.spark-short }}_${{ inputs.scala }}:test \
             -Pquick=true -x javadoc
 
   iceberg-spark-extensions:
     needs: build-native
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-24.04]
-        iceberg-version: [{short: '1.8', full: '1.8.1'}, {short: '1.9', full: '1.9.1'}, {short: '1.10', full: '1.10.0'}]
-        spark-version: [{short: '3.4', full: '3.4.3'}, {short: '3.5', full: '3.5.8'}]
-        scala-version: ['2.13']
-        include:
-          - spark-version: {short: '3.4', full: '3.4.3'}
-            java-version: 11
-          - spark-version: {short: '3.5', full: '3.5.8'}
-            java-version: 17
-      fail-fast: false
-    name: iceberg-spark-extensions/${{ matrix.os }}/iceberg-${{ matrix.iceberg-version.full }}/spark-${{ matrix.spark-version.full }}/scala-${{ matrix.scala-version }}/java-${{ matrix.java-version }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    name: iceberg-spark-extensions/iceberg-${{ inputs.iceberg-full }}/spark-${{ inputs.spark-full }}/scala-${{ inputs.scala }}/java-${{ inputs.java }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     container:
       image: amd64/rust
     env:
@@ -195,8 +157,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup Rust & Java toolchain
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-builder
         with:
-          rust-version: ${{env.RUST_VERSION}}
-          jdk-version: ${{ matrix.java-version }}
+          rust-version: ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }}
+          jdk-version: ${{ inputs.java }}
       - name: Download native library
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
         with:
@@ -204,35 +166,23 @@ jobs:
           path: native/target/release/
       - name: Build Comet
         run: |
-          ./mvnw install -Prelease -DskipTests -Pspark-${{ matrix.spark-version.short }} -Pscala-${{ matrix.scala-version }}
+          ./mvnw install -Prelease -DskipTests -Pspark-${{ inputs.spark-short }} -Pscala-${{ inputs.scala }}
       - name: Setup Iceberg
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder
         with:
-          iceberg-version: ${{ matrix.iceberg-version.full }}
+          iceberg-version: ${{ inputs.iceberg-full }}
       - name: Run Iceberg Spark extensions tests
         run: |
           cd apache-iceberg
           rm -rf /root/.m2/repository/org/apache/parquet # somehow parquet cache requires cleanups
-          ENABLE_COMET=true ENABLE_COMET_ONHEAP=true ./gradlew -DsparkVersions=${{ matrix.spark-version.short }} -DscalaVersion=${{ matrix.scala-version }} -DflinkVersions= -DkafkaVersions= \
-            :iceberg-spark:iceberg-spark-extensions-${{ matrix.spark-version.short }}_${{ matrix.scala-version }}:test \
+          ENABLE_COMET=true ENABLE_COMET_ONHEAP=true ./gradlew -DsparkVersions=${{ inputs.spark-short }} -DscalaVersion=${{ inputs.scala }} -DflinkVersions= -DkafkaVersions= \
+            :iceberg-spark:iceberg-spark-extensions-${{ inputs.spark-short }}_${{ inputs.scala }}:test \
             -Pquick=true -x javadoc
 
   iceberg-spark-runtime:
     needs: build-native
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-24.04]
-        iceberg-version: [{short: '1.8', full: '1.8.1'}, {short: '1.9', full: '1.9.1'}, {short: '1.10', full: '1.10.0'}]
-        spark-version: [{short: '3.4', full: '3.4.3'}, {short: '3.5', full: '3.5.8'}]
-        scala-version: ['2.13']
-        include:
-          - spark-version: {short: '3.4', full: '3.4.3'}
-            java-version: 11
-          - spark-version: {short: '3.5', full: '3.5.8'}
-            java-version: 17
-      fail-fast: false
-    name: iceberg-spark-runtime/${{ matrix.os }}/iceberg-${{ matrix.iceberg-version.full }}/spark-${{ matrix.spark-version.full }}/scala-${{ matrix.scala-version }}/java-${{ matrix.java-version }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    name: iceberg-spark-runtime/iceberg-${{ inputs.iceberg-full }}/spark-${{ inputs.spark-full }}/scala-${{ inputs.scala }}/java-${{ inputs.java }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     container:
       image: amd64/rust
     env:
@@ -242,8 +192,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup Rust & Java toolchain
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-builder
         with:
-          rust-version: ${{env.RUST_VERSION}}
-          jdk-version: ${{ matrix.java-version }}
+          rust-version: ${{ env.RUST_VERSION }}
+          jdk-version: ${{ inputs.java }}
       - name: Download native library
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
         with:
@@ -251,15 +201,15 @@ jobs:
           path: native/target/release/
       - name: Build Comet
         run: |
-          ./mvnw install -Prelease -DskipTests -Pspark-${{ matrix.spark-version.short }} -Pscala-${{ matrix.scala-version }}
+          ./mvnw install -Prelease -DskipTests -Pspark-${{ inputs.spark-short }} -Pscala-${{ inputs.scala }}
       - name: Setup Iceberg
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-iceberg-builder
         with:
-          iceberg-version: ${{ matrix.iceberg-version.full }}
+          iceberg-version: ${{ inputs.iceberg-full }}
       - name: Run Iceberg Spark runtime tests
         run: |
           cd apache-iceberg
           rm -rf /root/.m2/repository/org/apache/parquet # somehow parquet cache requires cleanups
-          ENABLE_COMET=true ENABLE_COMET_ONHEAP=true ./gradlew -DsparkVersions=${{ matrix.spark-version.short }} -DscalaVersion=${{ matrix.scala-version }} -DflinkVersions= -DkafkaVersions= \
-            :iceberg-spark:iceberg-spark-runtime-${{ matrix.spark-version.short }}_${{ matrix.scala-version }}:integrationTest \
+          ENABLE_COMET=true ENABLE_COMET_ONHEAP=true ./gradlew -DsparkVersions=${{ inputs.spark-short }} -DscalaVersion=${{ inputs.scala }} -DflinkVersions= -DkafkaVersions= \
+            :iceberg-spark:iceberg-spark-runtime-${{ inputs.spark-short }}_${{ inputs.scala }}:integrationTest \
             -Pquick=true -x javadoc
diff --git a/docs/source/contributor-guide/iceberg-spark-tests.md b/docs/source/contributor-guide/iceberg-spark-tests.md
index f37ee4f1f3..fddf7051cd 100644
--- a/docs/source/contributor-guide/iceberg-spark-tests.md
+++ b/docs/source/contributor-guide/iceberg-spark-tests.md
@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ diff must be generated against its own tag.
 
 ## Running Tests in CI
 
-The `iceberg_spark_test.yml` workflow applies these diffs and runs the three Gradle targets above against
-each Iceberg version. The test matrix covers Spark 3.4 and 3.5 across Iceberg 1.8.1, 1.9.1, and 1.10.0
-with Java 11 and 17. The workflow runs on all pull requests and pushes to the main branch.
+The `iceberg_spark_test_<version>.yml` workflows apply these diffs and run the three Gradle targets above
+against each Iceberg version. Iceberg 1.8.1 runs against Spark 3.4.3 with Java 11; Iceberg 1.9.1 and 1.10.0
+run against Spark 3.5.8 with Java 17. The latest Iceberg version (1.10) runs on every pull request and on
+pushes to main; the older versions (1.8, 1.9) run only on pushes to main. All caller workflows delegate to
+`iceberg_spark_test_reusable.yml`, which holds the build and test job logic.